Abgasmessungen auf der Straße jetzt in Testreihe integriert / Autos mit Elektro-, Hybrid-, und Erdgasantrieb führend / Diesel-Pkw schneiden wegen hoher Stickoxid-Emissionen schlecht ab
STUTTGART, 06-Dec-2016 — /EuropaWire/ — Der ADAC hat seinen EcoTest zur Messung von Verbrauch und Schadstoffen erneut verschärft: Pkw werden jetzt noch realitätsnäher geprüft als es Hersteller und staatliche Institutionen tun. Dies soll Verbrauchern eine klare Orientierung bei der Auswahl eines sparsamen und möglichst sauberen Pkw bieten. Neben aktualisierten Fahrzyklen und verschärften Bewertungsmaßstäben gibt es eine weitere wesentliche Neuerung: Autos, die auf dem Prüfstand eine Empfehlung erreichen, müssen sich jetzt zusätzlich Abgasmessungen auf der Straße (Real Driving Emissions) stellen.
Seit September 2016 hat der Club nach der verschärften Methode 45 Pkw in Sachen Verbrauch und Schadstoffe gemessen. Die führenden fünf Fahrzeuge im aktuellen Umweltranking sind Elektro- und Hybridautos sowie ein Erdgasfahrzeug. Der Stromer BMW i3, der den ersten Platz belegt, erreicht volle 100 Punkte, die sich aus 50 Punkten in der Schadstoffbewertung sowie 50 Punkten in der Kategorie Verbrauch zusammensetzen. Es folgen mit dem Toyota Prius 1.8 Hybrid Executive und mit dem Nissan Leaf Acenta ein Hybrid- und ein Elektrofahrzeug (jeweils 94 Punkte).
Der vierte Platz im Test geht mit dem Skoda Octavia Kombi 1.4 TSI G-Tec Style an ein Erdgasfahrzeug. Bester Benziner ist der Mitsubishi Space Star 1.2 Clear Tec Top. Er belegt den achten Platz. Von den 26 getesteten Dieselfahrzeugen überzeugen nur zwei Modelle. Sie schaffen es mit vier Umweltsternen in die Top Ten: der Mercedes E220 d 9G-Tronic (Platz 7) sowie der BMW 118d Urban Line Steptronic (Platz 9).
„Unsere neuen Messungen bestätigen, dass die meisten Dieselmodelle unabhängig von der verwendeten Abgasreinigungstechnik unter realitätsnahen Bedingungen zu viele Emissionen ausstoßen“, so Reinhard Kolke, Leiter des ADAC-Technikzentrums. „Die Ergebnisse sind ein Appell an die Hersteller von Dieselfahrzeugen, die Abgastechniken so einzusetzen, dass diese über alle Betriebszustände Emissionen wirksam verringern. Dass dies technisch machbar ist, zeigen die beiden Dieselmodelle in den Top Ten.“
Während viele Diesel mit einem hohen Stickoxid-Ausstoß (NOx) zu kämpfen haben, müssen die meisten modernen Benzin-Direkteinspritzer mit einem hohen Partikelausstoß zurechtkommen, der Ursache für entsprechende Feinstaubbelastung ist. Dass davon nicht nur stark motorisierte Pkw wie der Focus RS betroffen sind, zeigen Beispiele wie der VW Tiguan 1.4 TSI oder der Opel Corsa 1.0 Turbo ecoFlex Edition, die im Schadstoffkapitel kaum punkten können. Beim Opel wurden zudem erstmals erhöhte NOx-Emissionen festgestellt, was bisher bei Benzinern kein Thema war.
Schlusslicht beim Partikelausstoß ist der smart fortwo. Der Ottomotor dieses Autos ist zwar kein Direkteinspritzer, liefert aber dennoch schlechte Werte. Das besondere Fahrzeugkonzept mit Heckmotor muss aufgrund der geringeren Kühlung mit einer erhöhten thermischen Belastung zurechtkommen, wodurch der Feinstaubausstoß stark steigt. Für Benziner ohne Direkteinspritzung gibt es derzeit keinen gesetzlichen Grenzwert. Der enorme Partikelausstoß des smart wird somit vom Gesetzgeber praktisch ignoriert.
Alle Fahrzeugmodelle, die bei der strengen EcoTest-Prozedur ein Vier- oder Fünf-Sterne-Ergebnis erreichen, müssen im neuen EcoTest eine weitere Hürde meistern: Erstmals werden sie zusätzlich einer Schadstoffmessung auf der Straße unterzogen. Somit erhalten ausschließlich Fahrzeuge eine ADAC-Empfehlung, die auch im realen Verkehr relativ sauber sind. Prüfstandoptimierte Fahrzeuge können somit identifiziert und abgewertet werden. Erfreulich: Von den bisher getesteten Fahrzeugen mit Vier- oder Fünfsterne-Prädikat waren allesamt auch im realen Betrieb umweltschonend.
Die ausführlichen Ergebnisse finden sich unter www.adac.de/ecotest
Presse Ansprechpartner
Dr. Christian Buric
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